Teori douglas mcgregor douglas mcgregor lahir pada 1906 dan mendapatkan pendidikan di city college of detroit dan graduate school of arts and sciences di harvard. Dia percaya bahwa asumsi yang mendasari kedua sekolah mewakili pandangan negatif tentang sifat manusia dan pendekatan. Yet, mcgregor s 1960 assumption that employees perform. Teori motivasi oleh douglas mc gregor teori x dan y mega. Douglas mcgregor s theory x and theory y as far as mcgregor was concerned, this was a starting place, not a definitive set of universal rules to be adopted without question. Jika manajemennya yakin bahwa sebagian dari karyawannya tidak menyukai pekerjaannya, maka gaya manajemen akan cenderung ke gaya manajemen otoriter.
Teori x ve teori y theory x and theory y missozluk. Social psychologist mcgregor s theoryx and theoryyof mit expounded two contrasting theories on human motivation and management in the 1960s. Theory x states that a manager distrusts his subordinates, believes they dont enjoy work. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor. Theory xy douglas mcgregor and theory z william ouichi theory x an authoritarian style of management the average worker dislikes work. Teori x dan teori y wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.
While in high school, mcgregor worked as night clerk at the mcgregor institute, a family affair originally established by his grandfather, but managed by his father and his uncle to provide temporary accommodation for around 100 transient workers at a time. Mcgregors theory x and theory y he was the first full time professor of psychology at mit university. Xteorin och yteorin ar teorier rorande arbetsmotivation, ledarskap och chefskap. Douglas mcgregor wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. Theory x, theory y, and theory z introduction to business. Berdasarkan asumsiasumsi tersebut, seorang profesor manajemen di mit sloan school of management yang bernama douglas mcgregor. Teori x dan teori y ialah teori motivasi manusia yang dicipta dan dibangunkan oleh douglas mcgregor di sekolah pengurusan mit sloan pada 1960an, yang telah digunakan bagi pengurusan sumber manusia, tingkah laku organisasi, komunikasi organisasi dan pembangunan organisasi. Teori x dan y douglas mcgregor, teori birokrasi webber, teori.
Teori x dan teori y yang ia ajukan dalam memandang manusia pegawai. Top tips for effective video conferencing with prezi video. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit. Motivating people using theory x and theory y youtube.
Mcgregor promoted theory y as the basis of good management practice. Teori x dan teori y menurut douglas mcgregor ilmu manajemen. Prottas assistant professor of management adelphi university anne l. Teori x dan teori y wikipedia bahasa melayu, ensiklopedia bebas. Therefore most people must be motivated by forcedbribed with the threat of punishment or a.
Therefore most people must be motivated by forcedbribed with the threat of punishment or a reward to produce effort and work towards organizational objectives. Douglas mcgregorun x ve y teorileri yontemin yaklas. Pada tahun 1960, douglas mc gregor mengidentifikasikan dua sudut pandang tentang manajemen, yang dianut dalam tingkatan manajemen. Teori x dan teori y adalah teori motivasi manusia diciptakan dan dikembangkan oleh douglas mcgregor di sloan school of management mit pada tahun 1960 yang telah digunakan dalam manajemen sumber daya manusia, perilaku organisasi, komunikasi organisasi dan pengembangan organisasi. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat pada teori perilaku yang dipaparkan oleh douglas mcgregor dalam buku the human side of enterprises 1983 yaitu teori x dan y. Although, because of his early death, he wrote only a.
Mcgregor menyatakan bahwa pendekatan konvensional untuk mengelola didasarkan pada tiga proposisi utama, yang disebut teori x. They can only be made to get results at work by the application of coercive methods and by direction. He is best known for his development of the theory x and theory y, a leadership theory on two different leadership styles. In the 1960s, douglas murray mcgregor, a famous mit professor of management wrote a book named the human side of enterprise in which he analyzed the various behaviors of professionals at work. Douglas mcgregor proposed two theories about employee motivation based on two very different sets of assumptions that managers hold towards workers. Teori ini diungkapkan oleh douglas mcgregor yang mengemukakan strategi kepemimpinan efektif. Mcgregor postulated 2 theories on human management and leadership which are theory x and theory y.
From leadership and motiva tion, essays of douglas mcgregor, edited by. Douglas mcgregor adalah seorang psikolog sosial dari amerika yang mengemukakan teori xy dalam bidang motivasi yang menjadi prinsip dasar dalam mengembangkan pengelolaan sdm sumber daya manusia modern, menentukan pola komunikasi organisasi, menyusun panduan manajemen perilaku, mengelola interaksi sosial karyawan dan dalam menciptakan budaya. Teori x ve teori y theory x and theory y sadi evren seker, istanbul medeniyet university, department of business 1. His 1960 book the human side of enterprise had a profound influence on education practices mcgregor is a contemporary of abraham maslow. Yet, mcgregors 1960 assumption that employees perform. Furthermore, there is a certain amount of confusion around the underlying principles of the theories. Teori ini diungkapkan oleh douglas mcgregor yang mengemukakan strategi kepemimpinan. Douglas mcgregor is the one who constructed theory x and y in the 1960s. Davis colonel tooele army depot douglas mcgregor s landmark book, the human side of enterprise 1960, changed the path of management.
Douglas mcgregor merupakan antara ahliahli teori yang banyak membincangkan tentang teori organisasi. Tahun 1960an antusiasme pekerja cukup tinggi untuk berpartisipasi dalam proses pembuatan keputusan organisasi. Teori motivasi x dan y mc gregor memotivasi karyawan. Douglas mcgregor 19061964 followed a mostly academic career lecturing at harvard university, massachusetts institute of technology mit and antioch college, becoming the first sloan fellows professor at mit. Ia menggambarkan dua model bertentangan mengenai motivasi tenaga kerja. The relationship between mcgregor s xy theory management style and fulfillment of psychological contract. Oct, 2017 to learn more about theory x and theory y, see the article at. Teori ini diungkapkan oleh douglas mcgregor yang mengemukakan strategi kepemimpinan efektif dengan menggunakan konsep manajemen partisipasi. Toward a constructvalid measure article pdf available in journal of managerial issues 202. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit sloan school of management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. Douglas mcgregor devised his concept of theory x and theory y in the usa in the 1950s using a survey of managers, which he then proposed in his book, the human side of enterprise in the 1960s. Although, because of his early death, he wrote only a few publications, they have had a great impact. Pdf douglas mcgregorun x ve y teorileri yontemin yaklasimlari tarihinde onemli bir yere sahiptir.
Teori x, y, dan z teori x pada tahun 1960, douglas mc gregor mengidentifikasikan dua sudut pandang tentang manajemen, yang dianut dalam tingkatan manajemen. We should emphasize that we have labeled these assumptions as a step beyond theory y because of mcgregors own recognition that the theory y assumptions would probably be supplanted by new. Theory x and y created by mcgregor has been a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management style and techniques. Douglas mcgregor work is established in motivation theory. Dessa teorier beskriver tva modeller av arbetskraftsmotivation som tillampas av chefer inom bland annat hrm och organisationsutveckling. Teorien handler om, hvordan lederen opfatter sine medarbejdere. Tipe motivasi manusia teori x dan teori y adalah teori motivasi manusia diciptakan dan dikembangkan oleh douglas mcgregor di sloan school of. Theory x and y created by mcgregor has been a valid basic principle from which to develop. Mcgregor came from a social psychology background and brought his training in this area to the field of management. Teori douglas mc gregor dengan teori x dan y kapur penerus. Dia mendapatkan gelar doktoral dalam psikologi sosial dari harvard lalu mengajar di sana selama beberapa tahun sebelum pindah ke massachusetts institute of. Douglas murray mcgregor 1906 1 october 1964 was a management professor at the mit sloan school of management and president of antioch college from 1948 to 1954. Yaitu teori x dan y yang dikemukakan oleh douglas mcgregor.
However, the impact between xy attitudes and job performance has never been empirically substantiated. Queste teorie sono utilizzate nella gestione delle risorse umane e nella definizione e sviluppo dei comportamenti organizzativi. Enligt modellerna finns det tva motsatta uppsattningar av allmanna antaganden om hur arbetare motiveras baserat. Theory x and y created by mcgregor has been a valid basic principle from which to. Apr 09, 2014 mcgregor meletakkan ideidenya dalam buku klasiknya 1957 artikel berjudul the human side of enterprise dan buku tahun 1960 dengan nama yang sama, di mana ia memperkenalkan apa yang kemudian disebut humanisme baru. Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. Theory x and theory y, introduced in the book and are known for management and human motivation.
The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor, a management professor at the. Theory xy douglas mcgregor and theory z william ouichi. The relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. Theory x advanced the view that human beings have an innate dislike for work. Setelah membahas mengenai teori motivasi kebutuhan hierarki menurut abraham maslow, sekarang saatnya kita membahas ke teori memotivasi karyawan yang selanjutnya. Teori x dan teori y adalah teori motivasi manusia diciptakan dan dikembangkan oleh douglas mcgregor di sloan school of management mit pada tahun 1960 yang telah digunakan dalam manajemen sumber daya manusia, perilaku organisasi, komunikasi organisasi dan pengembangan organisasi teori x dan teori y. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, mcgregor s xy theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management. In his 1960 management book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor made his mark on the history of organizational management and motivational psychology when he proposed the two theories by which managers perceive employee motivation. Teori x dan y douglas mcgregor, teori birokrasi webber. Dec 10, 2018 douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a famous management professor in the field of personal development and motivational theory. Pada tahun 1950, douglas mcgregor 19061964, seorang psikolog yang mengajar di mit dan menjabat sebagai presiden antioch college 1. Dogan unlucan mcgregor theories x and theory y student. Teori motivasi maslow, mcclelland, mcgregor, hezberg, erg.
Ada empat asumsi yang dimiliki oleh manager dalam teori x, yaitu. Mcgregor s theories douglas mcgregor, best known for his comparison of the x and y theories of management, is often considered the father of the y management theory. He also taught at the indian institute of management calcutta. Mooney mary parker follett herbert simon 1930 1940 hubungan manusiawi hawthorne studies elton mayo fritz roethlisberger hugo munsterberg 1940 sekarang manajemen modern abraham maslow, douglas mcgregor, chris argyris, david mccleland, robert blake, jane mouton, peter drucker, dll. Kopelman professor of management baruch college david j. Mcgregor developed a philosophical view of humankind with his theory x and theory y in 1960. Semasa hidupnya, mcgregor melakukan penelitian dalam bidang psikologi dan menghasilkan teori motivasi yang terkenal, yakni teori x dan teori y. Douglas mcgregor s landmark book, the human side of enterprise, changed the path of management thinking and practice by questioning fundamental assumptions about human behavior in organizations.
Sep 09, 2016 douglas mcgregor wrote about theory x and theory y in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Teori x dan teori y menurut douglas mcgregor gaya manajemen suatu perusahaan sangat dipengaruhi oleh keyakinan dan asumsi manajemennya terhadap apa yang merupakan dorongan kerja karyawannya. It has become trite to say that the most significant developments of the next quarter century will take place not in the physical but in the social sciences. Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous xy theory in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. Maslow teori hierarki kebutuhan, mcclelland teori motivasi prestasi, mc gregor teori x dan y, teori motivasi hezberg, dan teori erg aldefer. Douglas mcgregor 19061964, lulusan massachussetts institute of technology mit, merupakah ahli psikologi sosial. It was in 1957 that douglas mcgregor first proposed the concept of theory x and theory y in the human side of enterprise, yet still today his ideas continue to be misunderstood and misused. Berdasarkan teori x dan y dari douglas mcgregor dalam hadist. Teori motivasi oleh douglas mc gregor teori x dan y.
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